Beleidsregel parkeren Apeldoorn 2019 – Municipal Parking Standards
The Beleidsregel parkeren (Parking Policy Rule) is the official regulatory document issued by the Gemeente Apeldoorn, Netherlands, established on March 21, 2019. It functions as a policy rule under Title 4.3 of the Algemene wet bestuursrecht (General Administrative Law Act), providing a legal framework for the assessment of parking requirements in spatial developments. This document serves as the implementation of the broader Verkeersvisie 2016-2030, replacing the previous Actualisatie Parkeernota from 2004 following changes to the Woningwet (Housing Act) in 2014.
The regulation governs the calculation and provision of parking spaces for both cars and bicycles across various project categories, including new builds, changes of use, and zoning modifications (bestemmingsplannen). It defines standards based on CROW-publicatie 381, CROW-publicatie 291, ASVV 2012, and NEN 2443. The document is structured into chapters covering the systematic application of norms, the methodology for calculating parking needs, and technical quality requirements, supported by detailed annexes containing specific occupancy percentages and geographic maps.
Professional users including architects and developers must apply these standards to determine the necessary parking capacity for any project requiring an omgevingsvergunning (environmental permit) for building or land use. The standards are differentiated by the degree of urbanity (stedelijkheidsgraad) and the specific functional zone within the municipality.
Systematic Application of Parking Norms
The municipality classifies areas into specific zones to determine applicable car parking norms based on the address density, which is set at 1,700 addresses per km² for the urban core.
- Sterk stedelijk (Highly Urban): Applies to the Centrumgebied Apeldoorn and the rest of the Apeldoorn urban area, including Ugchelen.
- Weinig stedelijk (Low Urbanicity): Applies to surrounding villages such as Beekbergen, Hoenderloo, and Uddel, as well as the Buitengebied.
- Bicycle Norms: Mandatory for all functions within the centrumgebied and specifically for schools and shops outside this zone.
- Residential Bicycle Storage: Requirements for housing are primarily governed by the Bouwbesluit; this policy rule does not impose additional bicycle norms for the residential function.
Calculation of Parking Requirements
Calculations are based on the average values provided by the CROW guidelines. The primary principle is that parking needs must be fulfilled on the developer's own terrain (eigen terrein).
- Historisch tekort (Historical Deficit): Existing parking shortages in the current situation are generally excluded from the calculation for new developments.
- Dubbelgebruik (Double Use): When multiple functions share the same parking facility, requirements are adjusted using aanwezigheidspercentages (presence percentages) to account for varying peak hours.
- Bezoekersaandeel (Visitor Share): For residential functions, visitor parking must be realized in public space; for other functions, it must be accessible within the project's own provision.
- Rounding: The final calculated number of required spaces is rounded to the nearest whole number.
Provisions for the Center Area and Parking Fund
Special rules apply to the Centrumgebied, particularly the pedestrian zones (voetgangersgebied), where on-site parking is often restricted or impossible.
- Public Provision: For developments in the pedestrian zone, parking needs are ideally absorbed by existing public parking garages within a 250-meter walking distance.
- Parkeerfonds (Parking Fund): If on-site fulfillment is not possible, developers may pay a buyout fee of €12,000 per parking space into the municipal fund.
- Innovation Discounts: Small-scale developments in the city center may qualify for discounts on parking requirements, ranging from 20% to 100% depending on the scale and innovation level.
Technical Quality and Dimensions
Parking spaces must meet specific dimensions to ensure usability. Deviations in size may lead to a lower effective capacity being recognized by the municipality.
- Public Space: Dimensions must comply with ASVV 2012 (Recommendations for traffic facilities within built-up areas).
- Private Terrain: Garage boxes and private parking spots must meet the standards set in NEN 2443.
- Loading and Unloading: Space for commercial loading and unloading must be provided on-site if the project's function generates such requirements.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the buyout fee for a parking space in Apeldoorn?
The fee is set at €12,000 per parking space when the requirement cannot be met on-site and the municipality accepts payment into the Parkeerfonds.
What is the maximum walking distance for off-site parking solutions?
For alternative parking solutions not on the project's own terrain, the municipality maintains a guideline of a 100-meter maximum walking distance.
How are parking requirements calculated for mixed-use developments?
A parkeerbalans (parking balance) is created using the aanwezigheidspercentages found in Annex 4 to calculate the peak demand across all functions.
Are bicycle parking norms mandatory for new homes in Apeldoorn?
No, this specific policy rule does not set additional bicycle norms for the residential function, as these are regulated by the Bouwbesluit.
Can I use existing public parking to satisfy my project's requirements?
Yes, provided a traffic study proves sufficient availability and the municipality agrees, though no exclusive usage rights are granted.
What urbanity category applies to the city of Apeldoorn?
Apeldoorn is classified as Sterk stedelijk (Highly Urban) based on an address density of 1,700 addresses per km².
What are the minimum dimensions for a standard parking space?
For non-public parking, width requirements range from 2.30m to 2.50m depending on the roadway width, with additional surcharges of 0.15m to 0.35m near columns or walls.
Is the 'historical deficit' taken into account for new building permits?
No, as a rule, an existing parking shortage (historisch tekort) is left out of consideration; only the increase in parking demand caused by the new development is assessed.
