Parkeernormennota Westervoort – Municipal Parking Standards Policy
The Parkeernormennota Westervoort is the official policy framework established by the Gemeente Westervoort in the Netherlands to regulate parking requirements for spatial developments. Valid from June 29, 2023, this document serves as the assessment framework for determining the necessary number of parking spaces for both cars and bicycles. It functions as a legally binding policy under the wider framework of Dutch spatial planning, specifically following the 2014 legislative change where urban planning regulations, including parking, shifted from the general building ordinance (Bouwverordening) to individual zoning plans (Bestemmingsplannen).
The scope of the policy covers all future spatial plans within the municipality, including new construction, renovations, expansions, and changes of use. The regulatory domain is structured around two distinct zones: the Centrum (Center) and the Rest bebouwde kom (Remainder of the built-up area), both classified as Matig stedelijk (moderately urban) with an address density of 1,000 to 1,500 addresses per square kilometer. The document defines technical parameters such as Gebruiksvloeroppervlakte (GBO) according to NEN 2580 for residential units and Bruto vloeroppervlak (BVO) for commercial and retail functions.
This policy ensures that the responsibility for realizing adequate parking solutions lies primarily with the project initiator. By utilizing CROW key figures from publication 381, Toekomstbestendig parkeren, the municipality provides a transparent methodology for calculating parking demand, accounting for visitor components, shared use, and sustainable mobility options.
Zoning and Urban Density
The municipality of Westervoort applies parking standards based on the urban density and the specific location of a project. Based on CBS data and CROW guidelines, the entire municipality is categorized as moderately urban.
- Centrum: The central zone where car ownership and use are typically lower due to proximity to public transport and amenities.
- Rest bebouwde kom: All other areas within the built-up limits of Westervoort.
- Matig stedelijk: The classification used for both zones, defined as 1,000 to 1,500 addresses per km².
Residential Parking Standards
Parking requirements for housing are determined by the type of dwelling and its total Gebruiksvloeroppervlakte (GBO). The standards include a mandatory visitor component and a percentage for electric vehicle charging points.
- Large House (>135m² GBO): Requires 1.8 spaces in the Center and 2.2 in the Rest of the built-up area.
- Medium House (>90 and <135m² GBO): Requires 1.7 spaces in the Center and 2.1 in the Rest of the built-up area.
- Stacked Housing (Gestapelde woning): Large units (>120m²) require 1.6 spaces in the Center and 2.0 in the Rest of the built-up area.
- Visitor Component: A minimum of 0.3 parking spaces per dwelling must be publicly accessible 24/7.
- Studio (<50m² GBO): Requires 0.6 spaces in the Center and 0.7 in the Rest of the built-up area.
Non-Residential Standards
Standards for retail, business, and social services are generally calculated per 100 m² of Bruto vloeroppervlak (BVO). For specific functions like primary schools, the norm is calculated per 10 pupils.
- Supermarkets: Small supermarkets (<600 m² BVO) require 1.9 spaces in the Center and 3.5 in the Rest of the built-up area.
- Offices: Standard offices (without a counter function) require 1.6 spaces in the Center and 2.1 in the Rest of the built-up area.
- Horeca: Cafés/bars require 5.0 spaces per 100 m² BVO in the Center and 6.0 in the Rest of the built-up area.
Bicycle Parking Requirements
To support sustainable mobility, the municipality enforces minimum bicycle parking standards based on CROW publication 291 with a 10% local surcharge.
- Ground-bound housing: Minimum of 6.0 bicycle spots per unit.
- Large apartments (>50m² GBO): Minimum of 3.0 bicycle spots per unit.
- Visitor bicycle parking: 0.8 spots per unit for residential developments.
- Secondary Schools: 14.0 spots per 100 m² BVO.
Calculation Factors and Reductions
The final parking requirement (Parkeereis) is calculated by applying reduction factors to the normative demand. These factors account for shared use and mobility management.
- Shared cars (Deelauto's): One shared car replaces 5 standard parking spaces, allowed for a maximum reduction of 15% of the total residential demand.
- Shared use (Dubbelgebruik): Calculations use the Aanwezigheidspercentage (presence percentage) table to determine peak demand across different times of the week.
- Private terrain (Eigen terrein): Not all private spaces count as 1.0. For example, a single driveway without a garage counts as 1.0, while a long driveway with a garage counts as 1.3.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which projects are subject to the Parkeernormennota Westervoort?
The policy applies to all future spatial plans within the municipality of Westervoort involving new construction, renovation, expansion, or functional changes.
What is the mandatory visitor parking requirement for new homes?
Every new dwelling must provide at least 0.3 parking spaces that are publicly accessible 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
How is the floor area for parking calculations measured?
For residential functions, it is measured as Gebruiksvloeroppervlakte (GBO) according to NEN 2580. For commercial and other functions, Bruto vloeroppervlak (BVO) is used.
Can the use of shared cars reduce the number of required parking spots?
Yes, one shared car with a dedicated parking spot can replace five standard parking spaces, up to a maximum reduction of 15% of the total residential parking requirement.
What are the dimensions for a standard parallel parking space?
According to Table 4.1, a standard parallel parking space (Langsparkeervak) must be 2.00 meters wide and 6.00 meters long.
Are there specific requirements for bicycle storage in new homes?
Yes, standalone homes must have a weather-protected storage area of at least 5 m² with a minimum width of 1.8 meters and a height of 2.3 meters.
What is the urban density level for Westervoort?
The entire municipality is classified as Matig stedelijk (moderately urban), with 1,000 to 1,500 addresses per square kilometer.
How do driveways count towards the parking balance?
Spaces on private land are weighted; for example, a garage with a double driveway counts as 2.0 spaces, while a garage without a driveway counts as 0.4 spaces.
