Parkeernormen Raalte 2015 – Municipal Parking Standards and Regulations
The Parkeernormen Raalte 2015 is the official regulatory framework established by the College of Mayor and Aldermen of the Gemeente Raalte on November 3, 2015. This document serves as the formal policy for determining parking requirements for spatial developments, replacing previous urban planning provisions in the building ordinance (bouwverordening) following the amendment of the Woningwet and the Reparatiewet BZK 2014. It provides a legal and technical basis for assessing environmental permit (omgevingsvergunning) applications regarding the provision of sufficient parking capacity.
The regulations apply to all new construction and renovation projects within the municipality. The standards are derived from national CROW publication 317, Kencijfers parkeren en verkeersgeneratie. Given Raalte's omgevingsadressendichtheid of 631 addresses per km², the municipality is classified as weinig stedelijk (low urbanization). The document categorizes geographical areas into three zones: Centrum (specifically defined zones in Raalte and Heino), Rest bebouwde kom, and Buitengebied. It covers diverse functional categories including residential housing, offices, commercial services, retail, sports, culture, healthcare, and education.
This document outlines the systematic calculation methods for parking demand, including shared-use factors and minimum dimensions for parking spaces. It establishes the criteria for solving parking needs on private property and the conditions under which deviations or financial compensation may be permitted.
Core Policy Principles
The municipality utilizes ten guiding principles to resolve parking demand in new developments, emphasizing that spatial feasibility and initiator responsibility are leading factors.
- Initiator Responsibility: The party developing the project is responsible for realizing and financing all necessary parking facilities and required preparatory studies.
- Parking on Own Terrain: Parking solutions must be implemented within the boundaries of the project site. For new housing developments, the entire planning area is considered 'own terrain.'
- Shared Use: Multiple functions may share the same parking spaces if their peak demands occur at different times, calculated via the presence percentages in Tabel 5.1.
- Visitor Parking: Visitor spaces must remain publicly accessible, meaning they cannot be placed behind barriers such as private gates or electronic shutters without a reception service.
- Existing Shortages: Calculations are based on the additional parking demand created by the new function; initiators are not required to solve pre-existing municipal parking deficits.
Standard Parking Bay Dimensions
To ensure functionality, parking spaces must meet specific dimensions based on the method of parking and the width of the adjacent driving lane, as defined in Tabel 3.1.
- Perpendicular Parking (Haaks parkeren): For a driving lane of 3.50 m, a bay must be 3.00 m wide. If the lane is 5.50 m or wider, the bay width may be reduced to 2.50 m.
- Disabled Parking: Perpendicular bays for disabled users require a minimum width of 3.50 m to 4.00 m.
- Parallel Parking (Langs parkeren): Standard bays require a width of 2.00 m and a length of 5.50 m, regardless of the road width.
Parking Standards by Function
Parking requirements are calculated as the average between the minimum and maximum CROW guidelines, adjusted for location.
- Residential: Standards for detached houses range from 1.8 spaces in the Centrum to 2.4 in the Buitengebied. Social housing requires 1.3 to 1.6 spaces per unit.
- Retail: A full-service supermarket in the Centrum requires 3.6 spaces per 100 m² GFA, while the same function in the Rest bebouwde kom requires 6.2 spaces.
- Office: Offices without a counter function require 1.9 spaces per 100 m² GFA in the center and 2.6 in other areas.
Exemptions and Walking Distances
If the required parking cannot be realized on-site, the municipality may grant an exemption based on private alternatives within acceptable walking distances, provided a contract of at least 10 years is secured.
- Housing: Maximum walking distance is 50 meters.
- Retail: Maximum walking distance is 200 meters.
- Work/Offices: Maximum walking distance is 500 meters.
- Education/Healthcare: Maximum walking distance is 100 meters.
In the Raalte center, a parking pressure measurement (parkeerdrukmeting) may be required. If the peak parking pressure is 90% or higher, the municipality may refuse the development.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the urbanization degree used for parking calculations in Raalte?
Raalte is classified as 'weinig stedelijk' (low urbanization) based on a density of 631 addresses per km².
How is visitor parking calculated for residential housing?
For most residential types, a visitor share of 0.3 parking spaces per home is included in the total norm.
Can I use public parking to satisfy the requirements for a new building?
No, the primary requirement is that the parking demand must be solved on the developer's own terrain to avoid additional pressure on public space.
What are the rules for parking in the center of Raalte regarding shop developments?
Since 2006, the municipality generally does not require parking compensation for new shop developments in the center, though residential projects in the center must still provide parking or pay compensation.
What happens if a building is demolished and rebuilt?
If the original function returns with the same surface area and original parking capacity, the 2015 parking standards do not apply; they only apply to additional surface area or changed functions.
What is the minimum width for a perpendicular parking bay with a 4.5-meter driving lane?
According to Table 3.1, a perpendicular bay must be at least 2.70 meters wide when the driving lane is 4.50 meters.
How is the parking demand calculated for a project with multiple functions?
The demand for each function is calculated separately using the norms in Chapter 4, then combined using the presence percentages for shared use found in Table 5.1.
Is parking pressure a factor in permit approval?
Yes, if a parking pressure measurement shows that peak utilization in the area is 90% or higher, the municipality may reject the proposed development.
